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Objective: To analyze the equity of national stomatologist resource allocation from 2016 to 2020, providing relevantly referenced basis for further stomatologist resource allocation. Methods: Collect data of domestic and international stomatologist resources in 2016, 2018 and 2020, and analyze the relevant data by using the health resources agglomeration degree and population agglomeration degree. Results: At present, at the international level, the number of dentists per 10 000 people ranks 46th in 2010-2019. The quantity of domestic dental resources is on the rise, with a balanced gender distribution and a concentrated age distribution mainly in 25-44 years old. At the specialized technical level, the proportion of junior titles can reach 79.5%-83.0%. The ratio of resource agglomeration of dental practitioners and assistants calculated based on geographical area and population density shows that the ratio of HRAD to PAD in the eastern provinces is greater than 1, while the ratios of most provinces in the central and western regions are less than 1. The eastern regions have excessive allocations, while ones in the central and western regions are insufficient. Conclusions: Unfairness still exists in the allocation of resources for dentists in China. At the national level, it is necessary to continue to cultivate high-quality stomatologists and intensify efforts to support the grass-roots and remote areas. The ability, quality and work competence of on-the-job personnel should be comprehensively improved. Multi-point practice of stomatologists should be standardized and popularized, promoting the rational flow of oral health personnel.
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Humans , Adult , Dentists , Professional Role , Health Resources , Resource Allocation , ChinaABSTRACT
Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to explore the effects of bone marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium (MSC-CM) treating diabetic foot ulcers in rats. Methods: Models of T2DM rats were induced by a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of STZ in SD rats. Models of Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) were made by operation on hind limbs in diabetic rats. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 6 for each group), i.e., Normal Control group (NC), Diabetes Control group (DM-C), MSC-CM group and Mesenchymal Stem Cells group (MSCs). MSC-CM group was treated with an injection of conditioned medium derived from preconditioned rats' bone marrow MSCs around ulcers. MSCs group were treated with an injection of rats' bone marrow MSCs. The other two groups were treated with an injection of PBS. After the treatment, wound closure, re-epithelialization (thickness of the stratum granulosums of the skin, by H&E staining), cell proliferation (Ki67, by IHC), angiogenesis (CD31, by IFC), autophagy (LC3B, by IFC and WB; autoly-sosome, by EM) and pyroptosis (IL-1β, NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD and GSDMD-N, by WB) in ulcers were evaluated. Results: After the treatment wound area rate, IL-1β by ELISA, and IL-1β, Caspase-1, GSDMD and GSDMD-N by WB of MSC-CM group were less than those of DM group. The thickness of the stratum granulosums of the skin, proliferation index of Ki67, mean optic density of CD31 and LC3B by IFC, and LC3B by WB of MSC-CM group were more than those of DM group. The present analysis demonstrated that the injection of MSC-CM into rats with DFUs enhanced the wound-healing process by accelerating wound closure, promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis, enhancing cell autophagy, and reducing cell pyroptosis in ulcers. Conclusions: Studies conducted indicate that MSC-CM administration could be a novel cell-free therapeutic approach to treat DFUs accelerating the wound healing process and avoiding the risk of living cells therapy.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of cathodic transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on upper limb and finger dysfunction after right brain injury (RBI). MethodsFrom October, 2020 to May, 2022, 40 RBI patients in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 20 patients in each group. All the patients accepted conventional drug treatment, conventional rehabilitation treatment and functional occupational therapy. The cathode electrode was placed in the M1 area of the uninjured side of brain, then the control group received sham stimulation and the experimental group received stimulation, for four weeks. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE) and -Finger, and the modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and after treatment. ResultsAfter treatment, the scores of FMA-UE, FMA-Finger and MBI improved in the two groups (t > 5.627, P < 0.001), and improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (t > 2.161, P < 0.05). ConclusionctDCS can effectively improve the motor function of upper limbs and fingers of RBI patients, and improve the ability of activities of daily living.
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【Objective】 To detect and analyze the infection status of HBsAg non-reactive /HBV DNA reactive blood donors by individual donor-NAT (ID-NAT) and chemiluminescence technology, and to explore the feasibility and potential risks of reentry. 【Methods】 The blood screening results of blood donors in Wuhu from January 2018 to October 2021 were queried by blood station information management software. The blood donation information of all HBsAg non-reactive /HBV DNA reactive blood donors was collected and then recalled by telephone. After informed consent, samples were taken for HBV DNA nucleic acid single test, enzyme-linked immunoassay for HBsAg, chemiluminescence assay for HBV seromarkers(including HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test. All the results were statistically analyzed. 【Results】 From January 2018 to October 2021, there were 142 051 donations, and the positive rate of sole HBV DNA was 0.06% (91/142 051), and 33 people (37 person-times) were successfully followed up. The yield rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc were 6.06% (2/33), 39.39% (13/33) and 96.97% (32/33), respectively; None HBeAg was yielded. After two times of ID-NAT, 8 patients remained non-reactive to both systems, with a negative conversion rate of 24.24% (8/33). Meanwhile, 25 patients were at least once reactive to ID-NAT, and 23 of them were occult HBV infection with serologically reactivity. There were 2(6.25%) patients with HBsAg positive conversion and HBV DNA persistent reactivity, which were window period infection. One person was confirmed as false reactivity (no HBV infection) as he remained unreactive to both repeated ID-NAT and serological tests. 【Conclusion】 Chemiluminescence assay is more sensitive than ELISA in detecting HBV serum markers, which is beneficial to early detection of HBV samples in window period. The yielding rate of anti-HBc among HBsAg non-reactive/HBV DNA reactive blood donors detected by blood screening in this region is very high, and most of them are occulting infection, so the ID-NAT should be no less than 2 times in the reentry strategy.
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【Objective】 To study the risk factors of blood donors confirmed to be positive for syphilis, so as to avoid highrisk groups, guide the recruitment of blood donors and improve blood safety. 【Methods】 From September 2021 to August 2022, 44 514 blood samples were screened using two enzyme-linked immunosorbent reagents for syphilis, and the reactive samples were confirmed by TPPA. Blood collection time, blood collection location, blood donation numbers, gender, age, marital status and educational level of blood donors were taken as the prediction risk factors, and factors with statistically significant differences by univariate Logistic regression analysis were further analyzed using multivariate factor Logistic regression analysis to determine the final independent risk factors. 【Results】 A total of 121 syphilis antibody reactive samples were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and 64 were confirmed positive by TPPA. Excluding those with incomplete information, a total of 44 505 blood donors were included in the analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in blood collection location, blood donation numbers, age and education level. 【Conclusion】 Based on the analysis results of risk factors of syphilis positive blood donors in Wuhu, it is necessary to strengthen the consultation of blood donors in blood donation sites. The high-risk groups are first-time blood donors over 50 years old, with education level of junior high school or below.
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【Objective】 To study the correlation between platelet transfusion efficacy and KIR receptor-HLA ligand. 【Methods】 Thirty-three leukemia patients with positive HLA antibody were tested for cross-matching with donor platelets. Platelets from suitable donors were selected for transfusion, and the 24-hour platelet corrected count increment (CCI) was used to determine the transfusion effect. KIR and ligand genotyping were performed on blood samples from patients and donors by PCR-SSP method, and the relationship between platelet transfusion effects and KIR receptor-HLA ligand was analyzed. 【Results】 In 74 occasions of platelet transfusion, 42 were ineffective and 32 were effective. When the donor had C2 gene and HLA-B Bw4-80T gene, the frequency of ineffective platelet transfusion in the recipient was 69.0% (29/42) and 52.4% (22/35), respectively, which was significantly higher than that in the effective group [25.0% (8/32) and 25.0% (8/32)]. When the donor had C1 gene, and the frequency of effective platelet transfusion in the recipient was 100.0%(32/32), which was higher than that in the ineffective group [83.3%(35/42)]. When the recipient-donor matching mode was KIR2DL1-C2 and KIR3DL1-(HLA-B Bw4-80T), the frequency of ineffective platelet transfusion was 69.0%(29/42) and 40.5%(22/42),higher than that of the effective group [25% (8/32) and 18.8% (6/32)]. When the recipient-donor matching model was KIR2DL3-C1, the rate of effective platelet transfusion in 32 patients (100.0%), which was higher than that (35 patients 83. 3%) in the ineffective group. When the mismatch mode of recipient iKIR+donor HLA ligand receptor was KIR2DL1-C2, the frequency of effective platelet transfusion in the recipient was 78.1% (25/32), which was much higher than that in the ineffective group [31.0% (13/42)]. When the mismatch mode was KIR3DL1-(HLA-B Bw4-80T), the rate of effective platelet transfusion in the recipient was 68.8% (22/32), which was higher than that in the ineffective group (42.9%, 18/42). The difference between the above groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 HLA-C1 and HLA-C2 genes are the key factors affecting the efficacy of platelet transfusion.For platelet refractorines, HLA-C1 is the protective gene, while HLA-C2 and HLA-B Bw4-80T are the susceptible genes. The recipient iKIR+donor HLA ligand receptor model may play an important role in platelet refractoriness.
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AIM: To investigate the clinical features and genetic background of autosomal recessive Wolfram syndrome caused by WFS1 gene mutation.METHODS: A pedigree with autosomal recessive Wolfram syndrome was studied by clinical examination, gene analysis and bioinformatics.RESULT: It was found that the proband and his brother had diabetes, color weakness and optic neuropathy. In addition, his brother had diabetes insipidus. Whole-exome sequencing(WES)analysis showed that there were two heterozygous variations in the WFS1 gene exon 8 of the two brothers: c.941G&#x003E;A(p.W314X)and c.2309T&#x003E;G(p.F770C), and were co-separated from the clinical phenotype in this family.CONCLUSION: The compound heterozygous mutation of WFS1 gene is associated with Wolfram syndrome in this pedigree. Among them, c.941G&#x003E;A(p.W314X)has not been reported yet.
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Objective:To develop the anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody 64Cu-1, 4, 7-trizacyclononane-1, 4, 7-triacetic acid (NOTA)-CD30 and visualize CD30 expression in lymphoma non-invasively. Methods:The CD30 expression levels of 5 cell lines (Karpas299, Raji, Daudi, Ramos, and U266) were assessed by Western blot. Cell lines with high and low CD30 expression were selected for flow cytometry to evaluate the specific binding affinity of anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody. Thirteen NSG mice were used to established CD30 positive and negative subcutaneous xenograft models. 64Cu-NOTA-CD30 was obtained and 64Cu-NOTA-immunoglobulin (Ig)G was used as the control. ImmunoPET imaging was performed 2, 24, and 48 h after the injection of 64Cu-NOTA-CD30 or 64Cu-NOTA-IgG. Finally, the biodistribution studies were conducted. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni test were conducted for comparison. Results:Karpas299 showed the highest CD30 expression, while Raji showed the lowest. Flow cytometry showed specific binding affinity of the anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody to the Karpas299 cell line. The radiochemical purities of the probes were both higher than 95%. In microPET, the 64Cu-NOTA-CD30 uptake of Karpas299 xenograft tumors increased over time, with (11.46±0.58), (17.60±1.16) and (19.46±0.99) percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) at 2, 24 and 48 h respectively. The contrast to normal tissue was good at 48 h, with the tumor/heart (blood) ratio of 2.20±0.22. The uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-CD30 in Karpas299 tumor at 48 h after injection was significantly higher than that in Raji tumor ((6.10±1.03) %ID/g) and 64Cu-NOTA-IgG in Karpas299 tumor ((5.12±0.89) %ID/g; F=290.99, t values: 19.65 and 22.25, all P<0.001). The uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-CD30 and the control probe in the heart and liver decreased over time in all groups. Ex vivo biodistribution at 48 h was mainly consistent with the results of microPET in vivo. Conclusions:64Cu-NOTA-CD30 is able to visualize the expression level and distribution of CD30 non-invasively. It is promising to be applied for screening the beneficial groups and evaluating efficacy for CD30-targeted immunotherapy.
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@# Objective - - To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of multi site work related musculoskeletal disorders （ ） Methods WMSDs in surgeons. A total of 102 surgeons from four hospitals were selected as study subjects by convenient sampling method. The Chinese version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of ， Results WMSDs in the past one year the related individuals and occupational factors. The total prevalence of WMSDs among （ ）， （ ） （ ） surgeons was 54.9%. The top three sites were neck 48.0% lower back 35.3% and shoulder 32.4% . The prevalence of （ vs ，P ） WMSDs in multiple sites was higher than that in a single site 43.1% 11.8% <0.01 . Multivariate logistic regression ， ， analysis showed that surgeons who smoked were tired at work and had a bent back had a higher risk of developing WMSDs ［ （ - ）， （ - ）， （ - ）， P ］ odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 3.66 1.41 9.46 8.33 2.15 32.20 and 18.74 2.14 166.77 all <0.01 Conclusion - after excluding the influence of confounding factors. The prevalence rate of multi site WMSDs among surgeons is ， high and the influencing factors include bad living habits and occupational factors such as working load and working posture.
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Objective:To investigate the status quo of nursing capacity for chronic respiratory disease in community health service centers.Methods:A questionnaire survey on nursing capacity for chronic respiratory disease was conducted in November 2018 among nurses working in internal medicine, general practice and chronic disease management departments of 4 community health service centers in Beijing Miyun District. The questionnaire included the knowledge and work content of chronic respiratory diseases. At the same time semi-structured interviews was conducted on the role of nurses in the management of chronic respiratory diseases among nurses selected by purposive sampling method.Results:In the study 63 valid questionnaires were collected and 14 nurses were interviewed. The results showed that the total score of nurses′ knowledge about chronic respiratory diseases was (62.0±14.4), and the scores of knowledge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma and obstructive sleep apnea were (55.5±19.3), (61.0±21.6), (69.5±25.1), respectively. The total knowledge score of nurses with middle-rank professional title or above was higher than that of those with primary title [(67.0±12.9) vs. (54.0±13.6), t=-3.07, P<0.01]. The work contents mainly involved were nursing procedures(22/63,34.9%), health education(18/63,28.6%) and nursing evaluation(8/63,12.7%).Three themes were extracted from the deep interviews: the main work contents for nurses should be nursing procedures, nurses should participate in the chronic respiratory disease management as a member of the integrated medical team; nurses expected practice-oriented trainings of chronic respiratory disease management. Conclusions:The knowledge of chronic respiratory diseases among nurses in community health center needs to be improved, and the nursing skills special for respiratory diseases are needed. It is suggested to develop training courses and nursing guidelines suitable for community health centers and for nurses to participate in chronic respiratory disease management as team members, so that nurses in primary care institutions can play a better role in the management of chronic respiratory diseases.
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Objective:To investigate the capability of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in monitoring combined immunotherapy response and detecting immune related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with advanced hepatobiliary carcinoma. Methods:From August 2018 to July 2019, 21 patients (14 males, 7 females, age (58.5±10.0) years) with advanced hepatobiliary carcinoma routinely underwent 66 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. SUV max, the occurrence time and symptoms of irAEs were obtained and analyzed. Therapy response (complete metabolic response (CMR), partial metabolic response (PMR), stable metabolic disease (SMD), progressive metabolic disease (PMD)) was evaluated according to PET response criteria in solid tumors (PERCIST). Results:(1) Clinical results. Twenty-two irAEs occurred in 16 patients, while were not found in 5 patients. Six organs were involved, including thyroiditis(8), colitis(5), pneumonitis(4), rash(2), hepatitis(2), myositis and fasciitis(1). The appearance time of each irAEs were (103.0±58.0), (141.6±103.5), 34.0(6.0, 308.8), 9 and 117, 62 and 67, and 87 d after therapy, respectively. PET/CT detected all pneumonitis and myositis and fasciitis, but no rash and hepatitis were found. For colitis and thyroiditis, PET/CT detected 4 and 6 times respectively. (2) PET/CT signs of irAEs. Except thyroiditis, all irAEs lesions exhibited exudative changes in CT and high-avidity in PET. SUV max of the lesions were 9.0(7.9, 17.6) (colitis), 7.1±3.2 (thyroiditis), 5.3 and 8.6 (pneumonitis), 4.1 (myositis and fasciitis), respectively. (3) Therapy assessment. Among 21 patients, there were 7 for PMR, 9 for SMD, 5 for PMD, which were 7, 8, 1 in patients with irAEs and 0, 1, 4 in patients without irAEs. Conclusions:Patients with advanced hepatobiliary carcinoma can benefit from combined immunotherapy. 18F-FDG PET/CT can be used to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy by detecting the changes of tumor lesions and the occurrence of irAEs simultaneously. However, it is necessary to use CT to distinguish tumor progression from irAEs.
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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown significant efficacy in clinical trials and applications of various malignant tumors, and have been approved for clinical application in China. ICIs can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which may affect any organs. Early identification and appropriate treatment can improve patient outcome. 18F-FDG PET/CT is capable of early detection of irAEs and provides effective clinical guidance. This article reviews the clinical application of 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting irAEs, including typical imaging findings and research progress.
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Objective:To compare the setup errors in the supraclavicular regions of two different postures (arms placed on each side of the body, namely the body side group; arms crossed and elbows placed above forehead, namely the uplifted group) using the chest and abdomen flat frame fixation device in lung and esophageal cancer.Methods:Clinical data of patients with stage Ⅰ to Ⅳ lung or esophageal cancer who received three-dimensional radiotherapy with chest and abdomen flat frame fixation device in our institution from November 2020 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The setup errors of two postures were compared.Results:A total of 56 patients were included, including 31 patients (55%) in the body side group and 25 patients (45%) in the uplifted group. A total of 424 CBCTs were performed in the whole group. The overall setup errors in the X, Y and Z directions were similar in both groups ( P>0.05). The setup errors of sternoclavicular joint in the X and RZ directions in the body side group were significantly smaller than those in the uplifted group [(0.163±0.120) cm vs. (0.209 ±0.152) cm, P=0.033; 0.715°±0.628° vs. 0.910°±0.753°, P=0.011]. The setup errors of acromioclavicular joint in the Y, Z and RZ directions in the body side group were significantly smaller than those in the uplifted group [(0.233±0.135) cm vs. (0.284±0.193) cm, P=0.033; (0.202±0.140) cm vs. (0.252±0.173) cm, P=0.005; 0.671°±0.639° vs. 0.885°±0.822°, P=0.023]. The margins of target volume for setup errors were smaller in the X (0.45 cm vs. 0.54 cm) and Y (0.54 cm vs. 0.65 cm) directions of the sternoclavicular joint, as well as in the Y (0.59 cm vs. 0.78 cm) and Z directions (0.53 cm vs. 0.72 cm) of the acromioclavicular joint in the body side group. Conclusions:For lung and esophageal cancer patients requiring supraclavicular irradiation, the body side group yields smaller setup errors and corresponding margins of target volume than the uplifted group. In clinical practice, it is necessary to take comprehensive consideration of the accuracy of radiotherapy and additional radiation of the limbs to select appropriate posture.
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Objective:To investigate the current status of professional identity among the clinical medical postgraduates and its correlation with mentoring function and professional competency, so as to provide reference for optimizing the training mode of clinical medicine postgraduates.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 217 academic and professional full-time postgraduates from Batch 2016 to 2018 majoring in clinical medicine in Peking University Health Science Center in 2019. The contents included four aspects: basic information, preliminary questionnaire of professional identity, mentoring function scale and professional competency. SPSS 26.0 was used for t test, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Pearson correlation analysis to analyze the status of professional identity and its correlation with professional competency and mentoring function. Results:Both professional and academic clinical medicine postgraduates had high scores of the overall level and four factors, and there was no statistical significance in the scores between the two groups ( P >0.05). There were significant differences in the overall level, behavior and appropriateness of professional identity among different grades of professional postgraduates ( P<0.05). Correlation study showed that the professional identity was significantly positively correlated with the total score of professional competency and mentoring function ( P<0.001). Further interview survey showed that the role of supervisor and employment prospects also played an important role in the elevation of professional identity. Conclusion:The overall degree of professional identity of academic and professional postgraduates is good and closely related to professional competency and mentoring function and for professional postgraduates, the overall level of professional identity of senior students is better. It is suggested that besides focusing on their professional competency, it is necessary to further optimize the employment policy of academic postgraduates and the training of tutors for professional postgraduates.
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Objective:To investigate the expression of circular RNA circOMA1 in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and to investigate the effect and mechanism of circOMA1 on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1).Methods:Bone marrow samples of 14 children with AML at the initial diagnosis and after complete remission were collected as the initial diagnosis group and remission group, and bone marrow samples from 10 children without tumor or malignant blood disease in the same hospital and the same period were enrolled as the control group.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of circOMA1, miR-145 and myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (MYC) mRNA in clinical AML samples and THP-1 cell line.The cells transfected with THP-1 were divided into groups, the cells transfected with circOMA1 alone (circOMA1 high expression group) were transfected with pcDNA3.1 empty vector cells as control (pcDNA3.1 control group); the cells co transfected with circOMA1 and miR-145 (circOMA1+ miR-145 group) were treated with pcDNA3.1 and miR-NC co transfected cells were used as control (pcDNA3.1+ miR-NC group, circOMA1+ miR-NC group). Cell counting kit (CCK8) was adopted to detect the effects of circOMA1 and miR-145 on the cell proliferation of THP-1.The effects of circOMA1 and miR-145 on cell apoptosis of THP-1 were detected using flow cytometry, and the effects of circOMA1 and miR-145 on MYC protein expression was detected via Western blot.The comparison between groups was analyzed by independent sample t-test or paired sample t-test, and the correlation was analyzed by Pearson correlation. Results:The expression of circOMA1 in the initial diagnosis group(4.408±3.607) was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (0.998±0.560) ( t=2.946, P<0.01); the expression of circOMA1 in remission group(1.582±0.950) was significantly decreased compared with that in the initial diagnosis group( t= 3.628, P<0.01). The THP-1 cell experiments showed that compared to the pcDNA3.1 control group, the expression of miR-145 in the circOMA1 high expression group decreased ( t= 4.21, P<0.05), cell proliferation was enhanced at 72 h and 96 h ( t=5.46, 7.40, all P<0.05), apoptosis was inhibited( t=6.44, P<0.01). The expression of MYC protein in circOMA1+ miR-NC group was higher than that of pcDNA3.1+ miR-NC group( t=5.72, P<0.01), the expression of MYC protein in circOMA1+ miR-145 group was lower than that in circOMA1+ miR-NC group ( t=4.56, P<0.05); at 72 h and 96 h, the cell proliferation level of circOMA1+ miR-NC group was higher than that of pcDNA3.1+ miR-NC group ( t=5.77, 7.30, all P<0.05), the level of cell proliferation in circOMA1+ miR-145 group was lower than that in circOMA1+ miR-NC group ( t=4.66, 6.17, all P<0.05); the apoptosis rate of circOMA1+ miR-145 group was higher than that of circOMA1+ miR-NC group ( t=4.25, P<0.05). circOMA1 expression was negatively correlated with miR-145 expression ( r=-0.62, P=0.016) and positively correlated with MYC gene expression ( r=0.64, P=0.013) in clinical samples. Conclusions:circOMA1 is highly expressed in children with AML, and can promote AML cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis through miR-145/MYC pathway, which provides a basis for AML therapy and diagnosis.
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Objective:To establish the mouse model with radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and to identify and analyze it from the aspects of function, imaging and pathology.Methods:Thirty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group, 16 Gy irradiation group and 20Gy irradiation group. The mice in the irradiation groups received a single 16 Gy or 20 Gy chest X-ray irradiation, and underwent functional examination, imaging examination and pathological examination at 3 and 6 months after irradiation.Results:At 6 months after irradiation, hair on the chest and back of the mice turned white and fell off, and the airway resistance was increased significantly. CT images showed extensive patch shadows and consolidation in the lung. Three dimensional reconstruction suggested that the lung of mice was distorted and deformed, and the volume was decreased significantly. Pathological examination confirmed that there was extensive pulmonary fibrosis.Conclusions:Significant pulmonary fibrosis occurs after 6 months of chest irradiation in mice. The animal model of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in C57BL/6 mice was successfully established.
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Objective:To investigate the incidence rate, surgical rate and spontaneous cure of indirect inguinal hernia in children of Xinjiang region.Methods:Children, aged from 4?14 years, coming from 24 kindergartens, 18 primary schools and 9 junior middle schools of 3 countries and 5 cities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were recruited to participate as respondents. The survey time for baseline data collection was from May 2013 to June 2014 and the retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted. Parents of children were investigated by questionnaire, and children were examined on site. Observation indicators: (1) results of questionnaire survey; (2) illness and treatment of children involved in the study; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was conducted using telephone interview. Children who had been diagnosed and not been treated surgically at the time of questionnaire survey were followed up to detect disease progression and treatment in the past 5 years. If the symptoms of a child had disappeared during follow-up, parents of the child should accompany the child to hospital for physical examination and B-ultrasound examination to confirm the diagnosis, and then follow-up was conducted by telephone interview. The follow-up was up to January 2020. Count data were described as absolute numbers and percentages, and compari-son between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Results:(1) Results of questionnaire survey. A total of 19 132 question-naires were distributed, and 19 132 complete questionnaires were recovered. Of the 19 132 children who completed the questionnaire survey, there were 9 670 males and 9 462 females. (2) Illness and treatment of children involved in the study. ① Incidence of indirect inguinal hernia in children with different sexes. Of the 19 132 children, 498 cases were diagnosed as indirect inguinal hernia, including 368 boys and 130 girls, with the prevalence as 3.806%(368/9 670) and 1.374%(130/9 462), respectively. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of indirect inguinal hernia between boys and girls ( χ2=111.54, P<0.05). The proportion of boys and girls in children with indirect inguinal hernia was 73.896%(368/498) and 26.104%(130/498), respectively, with the ratio of 2.8:1. The prevalence of boys was higher than girls ( odds ratio=2.84, 95% confidence interval as 2.32?3.48).② Age of children at first onset. Of the 498 children with indirect inguinal hernia, 59 cases were aged 1?4 years at first onset including 54 boys and 5 girls, 264 cases were aged 5?8 years including 196 boys and 68 girls, 148 cases were aged 9?12 years including 104 boys and 44 girls, 27 cases were aged 13?14 years including 14 boys and 13 girls. There was a significant difference in the age of children at first onset between boys and girls ( χ2=17.33, P<0.05). ③ Pathogenic factors in children with indirect inguinal hernia. Of the 498 children with indirect inguinal hernia, 457 cases had complete family history and crying history, and 41 cases were missing. Family history: of the 457 children with indirect inguinal hernia who had complete family history, there were 175 cases with the family history of indirect inguinal hernia and 282 cases without the family history. Of the 478 healthy children surveyed in the same period, there were 25 cases with the family history and 453 cases without the family history. There was a significant difference in the family history between the 457 children with indirect inguinal hernia and the 478 healthy children ( χ2=515.89, P<0.05). Crying history: of the 457 children with indirect inguinal hernia who had complete crying history, there were 194 cases with obvious crying history and 263 cases without obvious crying history. Of the 496 healthy children surveyed in the same period, there were 99 cases with obvious crying history and 397 cases without obvious crying history. There was a significant difference in the crying history between the 457 children with indirect inguinal hernia and the 496 healthy children ( χ2=56.51, P<0.05). ④ Surgical treatment. Of the 498 children with indirect inguinal hernia, 233 cases underwent surgical treatment including 217 boys and 16 girls, 265 cases were followed up without surgical treatment including 151 boys and 114 girls. The surgical rate for indirect inguinal hernia in boys and girls was 58.967%(217/368) and 12.308%(16/130), respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=84.01, P<0.05). The operation ratio of boys and girls was 13.6:1, and the surgical rate of boys was higher than girls ( odds ratio=10.24, 95% confidence interval as 5.83?17.98). (3) Follow-up. All the 265 children without surgical treatment for indirect inguinal hernia were followed up for 5 years. During the follow-up, there were 142 of 151 boys with surgical treatment and 9 boys without surgical treatments, showing negative in spontaneous cure. There were 27 of 114 girls with surgical treatment and 87 girls without surgical treatment, showing 55 cases positive in spontaneous cure and 32 cases still with indirect inguinal hernia. There was a significant difference in spontaneous cure between the 151 boys and the 114 girls ( χ2=143.79, P<0.05). Conclusion:In Xinjiang region, the incidence rate and surgical rate of indirect inguinal hernia are lower in girls compared with boys, and the spontaneous cure rate is higher in girls compared with boys.
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Objective@#18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is often used for detecting malignancy in patients with newly diagnosed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), with acceptable sensitivity but relatively low specificity. The aim of this study was to improve the diagnostic ability of 18F-FDG PET/CT in identifying malignancy in patients with HLH by combining 18F-FDG PET/CT and clinical parameters. @*Materials and Methods@#Ninety-seven patients (age ≥ 14 years) with secondary HLH were retrospectively reviewed and divided into the derivation (n = 71) and validation (n = 26) cohorts according to admission time. In the derivation cohort, 22 patients had malignancy-associated HLH (M-HLH) and 49 patients had non-malignancy-associated HLH (NM-HLH). Data on pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT and laboratory results were collected. The variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test or Pearson’s chi-square test, and a nomogram for predicting M-HLH was constructed using multivariable binary logistic regression. The predictors were also ranked using decision-tree analysis. The nomogram and decision tree were validated in the validation cohort (10 patients with M-HLH and 16 patients with NM-HLH). @*Results@#The ratio of the maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the lymph nodes to that of the mediastinum, the ratio of the SUVmax of bone lesions or bone marrow to that of the mediastinum, and age were selected for constructing the model. The nomogram showed good performance in predicting M-HLH in the validation cohort, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.875 (95% confidence interval, 0.686–0.971). At an appropriate cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity for identifying M-HLH were 90% (9/10) and 68.8% (11/16), respectively. The decision tree integrating the same variables showed 70% (7/10) sensitivity and 93.8% (15/16) specificity for identifying M-HLH. In comparison, visual analysis of 18F-FDG PET/CT images demonstrated 100% (10/10) sensitivity and 12.5% (2/16) specificity. @*Conclusion@#18F-FDG PET/CT may be a practical technique for identifying M-HLH. The model constructed using 18F-FDG PET/CT features and age was able to detect malignancy with better accuracy than visual analysis of 18F-FDG PET/CT images.
ABSTRACT
italic>Rehmannia glutinosa belongs to the Scrophulariaceae family with important medicinal value. In order to effectively explore the transcriptome information of R. glutinosa and identify the genes encoding enzymes involved in phenylethanol glycoside (PhGs) biosynthesis, the leaves, stems and tuberous roots of R. glutinosa were used for transcriptome sequencing using Pacific Biosiences RS II platform. A total of 27 773 transcripts were generated with an average length of 2 380 bp, and 27 236 coding sequences (CDS) were predicted. Using BLAST software, non-redundant transcript sequences were annotated with NR, NT, GO, COG, KEGG, SwissProt and Interpro databases and a total of 27 399 annotated genes were obtained. Among them, the number of genes related to Sesamum indicum in the NR database was the highest (81.44%), which is consistent with their evolutionary relationship. Enzymes likely involved in the biosynthesis of isoacteoside, echinacoside, cistanosides A, cistanosides F, 2′-acetylacteoside and leonoside F were identified, and 143 genes were identified in R. glutinosa full-length transcriptome. The expression levels of 19 genes correlated with acteoside content in twelve tissues of R. glutinosa, and most showed higher expression levels in leaf tissues and floral organs. This study provides more reliable transcriptome data for screening R. glutinosa for functional genes and provides a foundation for the study of the molecular mechanisms of PhGs biosynthesis.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Objectives: Depression is common after both lacunar stroke and non-lacunar stroke and might be associated with lesion locations as proven by some studies. This study aimed to identify whether lesion location was critical for depression after both lacunar and non-lacunar strokes. Methods: A cohort of ischemic stroke patients was assigned to either a lacunar stroke group or a non-lacunar stroke group after a brain MRI scan. Neurological deficits and treatment response was evaluated during hospitalization. The occurrence of depression was evaluated 3 months later. Logistic regressions were used to identify the independent risk factors for depression after lacunar and non-lacunar stroke respectively. Results: 83 of 246 patients with lacunar stroke and 71 of 185 patients with non-lacunar stroke developed depression. Infarctions in the frontal cortex, severe neurological deficits, and a high degree of handicap were identified as the independent risk factors for depression after non-lacunar stroke, while lesion location was not associated with depression after lacunar stroke. Conclusion: The main determinants for depression after lacunar and non-lacunar stroke were different. Lesion location was critical only for depression after non-lacunar stroke.